Israelis began coming to Chicago in the 1970s during a period of . Several medical products and services companies are headquartered in the Chicago area, including Baxter International, Boeing, Abbott Laboratories, and the Healthcare division of General Electric. [262] The Fire have won one league title and four U.S.Open Cups, since their founding in 1997. [67] This system for telling time spread throughout the continent. The Bears have won more games in the history of the NFL than any other team,[257] and only the Green Bay Packers, their longtime rivals, have won more championships. [204] In 2022, Kellogg's announced that the new spin-off of its snack business will move to the Chicago area,[205] and Google announced a major real estate acquisition and expansion in the Loop.[206]. [94] Emanuel was sworn in as mayor on May 16, 2011, and won re-election in 2015. Additionally, Chicago is one of the eight cities in the United States to have won championships in the four major professional leagues and, along with Los Angeles, New York, Philadelphia and Washington, is one of five cities to have won soccer championships as well. Two tall glass sculptures make up the Crown Fountain. [95] Lori Lightfoot, the city's first African American woman mayor and its first openly LGBTQ Mayor, was elected to succeed Emanuel as mayor in 2019. He was reelected in 1987 but died of a heart attack soon after. They were following Serbian and Hungarian immigrants who found work in the steel mills and factories of the city. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. [citation needed], Chicago contains less than 25% of the state's population, but it is split between eight of Illinois' 19 districts in the United States House of Representatives. . Purchase this important reference work thatincludes maps and charts. Student Location Diversity 85 out of 100. Several private schools are completely secular, such as the Latin School of Chicago in the Near North Side neighborhood, the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools in Hyde Park, the British School of Chicago and the Francis W. Parker School in Lincoln Park, the Lyce Franais de Chicago in Uptown, the Feltre School in River North and the Morgan Park Academy. As of the 2010 Census, Chicago has the third-largest Puerto Rican population in the continental United States,[26] after New York City and Philadelphia, and the fourth largest Mexican population in the United States after Los Angeles, San Antonio, and Houston. [291] However, Chicago, like other major U.S. cities, experienced a significant reduction in violent crime rates through the 1990s, falling to 448 homicides in 2004, its lowest total since 1965 and only 15.65 murders per 100,000. Most of the city's high-rise commercial and residential buildings are close to the waterfront. [citation needed], The city's distinctive accent, made famous by its use in classic films like The Blues Brothers and television programs like the Saturday Night Live skit "Bill Swerski's Superfans", is an advanced form of Inland Northern American English. There are 24 public beaches across 26 miles (42km) of the waterfront. 94.3%. [108] The three sides of the city are represented on the Flag of Chicago by three horizontal white stripes. [24] The city is the seat of the Evangelical Covenant Church and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. When founded in 1833, fewer than 200 people had settled on what was then the American frontier. Chicago. The mother-in-law is a tamale topped with chili and served on a hot dog bun. The aldermanic, mayoral, and other city offices are filled through nonpartisan elections with runoffs as needed. Note: Further details on the religious makeup of cities (as well as states) are available at our interactive website on the 2014 Religious Landscape Study. [citation needed], Chicago is currently the setting for Showtime's Shameless, and NBC's Chicago Fire, Chicago P.D. During much of the last half of the 19th century, Chicago's politics were dominated by a growing Democratic Party organization. Since 1999, Judge Mathis also films his syndicated arbitration-based reality court show at the NBC Tower. Chicago's demographics show that it is a large, and ethnically and culturally diverse metropolis. 42.07% of Loyola Chicago students come from out of state, and 3.78% come from out of the country. City laws and later, state laws that upgraded standards for the medical profession and fought urban epidemics of cholera, smallpox, and yellow fever were both passed and enforced. Only the WASPs hated the Irish, and the WASPs all lived on the North Shore. WGN America eventually became NewsNation in 2021. [217], The South Side neighborhood of Hyde Park is the home of former US President Barack Obama. Evangelical Protestantism form the largest theological Protestant branch (16%), followed by Mainline Protestants (11%), and historically Black churches (8%). In the forty years from 1850 to 1890, the city's population grew from slightly under 30,000 to over 1million. The Chicago Bulls of the National Basketball Association (NBA) is one of the most recognized basketball teams in the world. [72] This Great Migration had an immense cultural impact, called the Chicago Black Renaissance, part of the New Negro Movement, in art, literature, and music. The current mayor is Lori Lightfoot. [236], The Chicago-style hot dog, typically an all-beef hot dog, is loaded with an array of toppings that often includes pickle relish, yellow mustard, pickled sport peppers, tomato wedges, dill pickle spear and topped off with celery salt on a poppy seed bun. [110] The South Side is the largest section of the city, encompassing roughly 60% of the city's land area. At the Call of Duty League's Launch Week games in Minneapolis, Minnesota, the Chicago Huntsmen went on to beat both the Dallas Empire and Optic Gaming Los Angeles. [115], In 2016, Chicago was ranked the sixth-most walkable large city in the United States. [91][92], In 1992, a construction accident near the Kinzie Street Bridge produced a breach connecting the Chicago River to a tunnel below, which was part of an abandoned freight tunnel system extending throughout the downtown Loop district. views about abortion by metro area, Learn More: views about abortion, Legal in all/most cases, Illegal in all/most cases, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who say homosexuality, Compare: An award-winning $108 million, 1.25-mile promenade along the south bank of the Chicago River downtown. [179] Since the 20th century Chicago has also been the headquarters of the Assyrian Church of the East. The top five races for people living in Chicago are: White (44%), Black (32%), Asian (5%), Hispanic or Latino (28%), Two or more races (2%). The park is listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in South Side Chicago. [342], Chicago is the largest hub in the railroad industry. 2005: The Chicago White Sox win the World Series and break 88-year title drought, 2010: Chicago Blackhawks win Stanley Cup Championship, 2012: Chicago Red Stars win National Women's Open, 2013: Chicago Blackhawks win Stanley Cup Championship, 2015: Chicago Blackhawks win Stanley Cup Championship, 2016: The Chicago Cubs win World Series; break 108-year title drought and broke the Curse of the Billy Goat. Sign up to receive updates. The Taste of Polonia Festival in Jefferson Park celebrates Polish culture annually on Labor Day weekend. The ethnic makeup of the population is 28% Hispanic and 72% belong to non Hispanic background. Some Irish already lived in Chicago when it was incorporated as a city in 1837. In this particular case, the fact that the workers' agreements had expiration dates let the city of Chicago set an expiration date of 2013 for contribution to health benefits for workers who retired after 1989. On the shore of Lake Michigan, Chicago was incorporated as a city in 1837 near a portage between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River watershed. Annual festivals feature various acts, such as Lollapalooza and the Pitchfork Music Festival. [230], In 2013, Chicago was chosen as one of the "Top Ten Cities in the United States" to visit for its restaurants, skyscrapers, museums, and waterfront, by the readers of Cond Nast Traveler,[231][232] and in 2020 for the fourth year in a row, Chicago was named the top U.S. city tourism destination. [citation needed], Chicago Public Radio produces nationally aired programs such as PRI's This American Life and NPR's Wait WaitDon't Tell Me!. In a 2016 campus survey, students identified 19 different spiritual and nonreligious practices. Ravinia Festival, located 25 miles (40km) north of Chicago, is the summer home of the CSO, and is a favorite destination for many Chicagoans. Households with a computer, percent, 2017-2021. [227] It features 42 navy blue gondolas that can hold up to eight adults and two children. [310] The magnet school with the largest enrollment is Lane Technical College Prep High School. [361] In addition, the Chicago Sister Cities program hosts a number of delegation and formal exchanges. The mayor of Chicago is the chief executive, elected by general election for a term of four years, with no term limits. Clear 2 Table. The city has one of the largest Assyrian Diaspora populations, with the Assyrian community of Metropolitan Chicago numbering as many as 80,000. views about size of government by metro area, Learn More: views about size of government, Smaller government; fewer services, Bigger government; more services, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who say government aid to the poor, Compare: [171][172], Chicago became a "de jure" sanctuary city in 2012 when Mayor Rahm Emanuel and the City Council passed the Welcoming City Ordinance. [299] Chicago ended 2013 with 415 murders, the lowest number of murders since 1965, and overall crime rates dropped by 16 percent. [20] Chicago has a small community of Swedish Americans. [304] According to the Chicago Police Department, carjackers are using face masks that are widely worn due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic to effectively blend in with the public and conceal their identity. In 1906, they established Dzemijetul Hajrije (The Benevolent Society) of Illinois to preserve the community's religious and national traditions as well as to provide mutual assistance for funerals and illness. political ideology by metro area, Learn More: political ideology, Conservative, Moderate, Liberal, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who would rather have, Compare: Association of Statisticians of American Religious Bodies. [9] The construction boom accelerated population growth throughout the following decades, and by 1900, less than 30 years after the fire, Chicago was the fifth-largest city in the world. From the grand historic downtown theatres to those tucked away in a neighborhood storefront or church basement, audiences will find theatre of the highest quality throughout the city. The city's ethnic diversity made communication, much less evangelization, difficult for native-born Protestant ministers. The challenge for early writers was that Chicago was a frontier outpost that transformed into a global metropolis in the span of two generations. [261], The Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL) began play in 1926, and are one of the "Original Six" teams of the NHL. All of its major franchises have won championships within recent years the Bears (1985), the Bulls (1991, 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, and 1998), the White Sox (2005), the Cubs (2016), the Blackhawks (2010, 2013, 2015), and the Fire (1998). In 2017, Chicago exchanges traded 4.7billion derivatives with a face value of over one quadrillion dollars. sources of guidance on right and wrong by metro area, Learn More: sources of guidance on right and wrong, Religion, Philosophy/reason, Common sense, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who say, Compare: In addition to Boeing, which located its headquarters in Chicago in 2001, and United Airlines in 2011, GE Transportation moved its offices to the city in 2013 and GE Healthcare moved its HQ to the city in 2016, as did ThyssenKrupp North America, and agriculture giant Archer Daniels Midland. [242] The tradition of serving the Greek dish saganaki while aflame has its origins in Chicago's Greek community. Within sixty years of the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, the population went from about 300,000 to over 3million,[157] and reached its highest ever recorded population of 3.6million for the 1950 census. In 1933 and 1934, the city celebrated its centennial by hosting the Century of Progress International Exposition World's Fair. An informal name for the entire Chicago metropolitan area is "Chicagoland", which generally means the city and all its suburbs. The Irish laid the foundations for many of the city's Roman Catholic churches, schools and hospitals. The first known reference to the site of the current city of Chicago as "Checagou" was by Robert deLaSalle around 1679 in a memoir. [34] Within seven years it grew to more than 6,000 people. Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World, Size & Demographic Characteristics of Religious Groups, all 50 states and the 17 largest metropolitan areas, Q&A: The Muslim-Christian education gap in sub-Saharan Africa, Muslims in sub-Saharan Africa are twice as likely as Christians to have no formal education, How Religious Groups Differ in Educational Attainment, 60% of Americans Would Be Uncomfortable With Provider Relying on AI in Their Own Health Care, Gender pay gap in U.S. hasnt changed much in two decades. [54][55] During its rebuilding period, Chicago constructed the world's first skyscraper in 1885, using steel-skeleton construction.[56][57]. With a population of 2,746,388 in the 2020 census,[7] it is also the most populous city in the Midwest. [citation needed], The Chicago Sky is a professional basketball team playing in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). Club. [276] The council takes official action through the passage of ordinances and resolutions and approves the city budget.[277]. [252] In the 1980s, a modern form of poetry performance began in Chicago, the poetry slam. Former CW affiliate WGN-TV 9, which was owned from its inception by Tribune Broadcasting (now owned by the Nexstar Media Group since 2019), is carried with some programming differences, as "WGN America" on cable and satellite TV nationwide and in parts of the Caribbean. [citation needed], Chicago has been a hub of the retail sector since its early development, with Montgomery Ward, Sears, and Marshall Field's. Religions Explore religious groups in the U.S. by tradition, family and denomination Christian 70.6% Evangelical Protestant 25.4% Mainline Protestant 14.7% Historically Black Protestant 6.5% Catholic 20.8% Mormon 1.6% Orthodox Christian 0.5% Jehovah's Witness 0.8% Other Christian 0.4% Non-Christian Faiths 5.9% Jewish 1.9% Muslim 0.9% Buddhist 0.7% Because of this, ComEd reports indicate that Chicago receives about 75% of its electricity from nuclear power. [83], By the 1960s, white residents in several neighborhoods left the city for the suburban areas in many American cities, a process known as white flight as Blacks continued to move beyond the Black Belt. [126] Multiple kinds and scales of houses, townhouses, condominiums, and apartment buildings can be found throughout Chicago. Polish people have been prevalent from the city's early history, but the largest waves of immigration were in the late 19th and early 20th centuries; they have been influential in the economic and social development of Chicago. [361] Like Chicago, many of them are the main city of a country that has had large numbers of immigrants settle in Chicago. While Christians make up between 65% and 75% of adults in most of those metro areas and people with no religious affiliation generally make up roughly 20-25% of the population some cities stand out for a variety of reasons. In 1893, Chicago hosted the World's Columbian Exposition on former marshland at the present location of Jackson Park. [190] In 2009 Chicago placed ninth on the UBS list of the world's richest cities. Other notable schools include: Chicago State University; the School of the Art Institute of Chicago; EastWest University; National Louis University; North Park University; Northeastern Illinois University; Robert Morris University Illinois; Roosevelt University; Saint Xavier University; Rush University; and Shimer College. They have won three World Series titles (1906, 1917, 2005) and six American League pennants, including the first in 1901. [26], In the mid-18th century, the area was inhabited by the Potawatomi, a Native American tribe who had succeeded the Miami and Sauk and Fox peoples in this region. [58] The desire to join the city was driven by municipal services that the city could provide its residents. The religious face of America is largely a Christian one, with roughly seven-in-ten Americans belonging to that faith. And visit, attendance at prayer groups by metro area, frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups, frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing by metro area, frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing, frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe by metro area, frequency of feeling wonder about the universe, sources of guidance on right and wrong by metro area, belief in existence of standards for right and wrong by metro area, belief in absolute standards for right and wrong, There are clear standards for what is right and wrong, frequency of reading scripture by metro area, interpretation of scripture by metro area, Word of God; not everything taken literally, views about size of government by metro area, views about government aid to the poor by metro area, views about same-sex marriage by metro area, views about environmental protection by metro area, Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy, Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost, views about human evolution by metro area. [citation needed]. Scope: population of Illinois and Chicago. The Chicago Police Department provides law enforcement and the Chicago Fire Department provides fire suppression and emergency medical services for the city and its residents. Over the years neighborhoods have seen gradual ethnic change with White ethnic neighborhoods like Brighton Park transitioning to Hispanic, while former Latino neighborhoods like West Town transition to majority non-Hispanic White. Chicago is home to NetherRealm Studios, the developers of the Mortal Kombat series. [70][71], During World War I and the 1920s there was a major expansion in industry. As the major meat companies grew in Chicago many, such as Armour and Company, created global enterprises. The strength of the party in the city is partly a consequence of Illinois state politics, where the Republicans have come to represent rural and farm concerns while the Democrats support urban issues such as Chicago's public school funding. Among the nations biggest metro areas, Phoenix has one of the highest concentrations of Mormons (6%). [17] The economy of Chicago is diverse, with no single industry employing more than 14% of the workforce. The South Side hosts one of the city's largest parades, the annual African American Bud Billiken Parade and Picnic, which travels through Bronzeville to Washington Park. By 1850 Irish immigrants accounted for about one-fifth of the city's population. The southwest side is also the location of the Polish Highlanders Alliance of North America. He created Lincoln Park by closing a cemetery filled with shallow graves, and in 1867, in response to an outbreak of cholera he helped establish a new Chicago Board of Health. (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax The citizens of Chicago have not elected a Republican mayor since 1927, when William Thompson was voted into office. [76], Chicago was the first American city to have a homosexual-rights organization.
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